John Wesley Dickson was an African American bandleader and musical artist active in the early 20th century. His band, the John Wesley Dickson Orchestra, was based in Kansas City and performed a mix of jazz, blues, and popular music. Despite facing discrimination and segregation, Dickson's band was highly respected in the local music scene and was known for their skilled musicianship and dynamic performances. Their music has been rediscovered and celebrated in recent years as an important piece of American musical history.